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Chemical properties of Lanthanum

Compounds of Lanthanum

The salts of lanthanum are derived from the colourless basic oxide La2O3, and, if derived from colourless acids, are themselves colourless. Their aqueous solutions are devoid of absorption spectra.

The following values for the equivalent conductivities X of a number of lanthanum salts at 25° are in harmony with the view that the salts are derived from a fairly strong triacid base (v = dilution in litres per gram-equivalent): -

LaCl3v=21.342.685.2170.6341.1682.21364.5
λ=101.7108.6114.9122.3126.5131.9136.4
La(NO3)3v=32641282565121024
λ=98.6105.4112.8118.1124.1126.5
La2(SO4)3v=33.8667.72135.44270.88541.761083.52
λ=43.5850.3058.4968.8980.9396.26


Noyes and Johnston have measured the equivalent conductivities of dilute solutions of lanthanum nitrate and sulphate over a wide range of temperature, and Johnston has calculated from the results that the ionic conductivity of the lanthanum ion varies with the temperature as follows: -

Temp. ° C.18°25°50°75°100°128°156°
La•••356172119173235312388

Thermochemistry of Lanthanum

2[La] + 3(O) = [La2O3] + 444.7 Cals.
[La] + 4[Al] = [LaAl4] + 97.8 Cals.
[La2O3] + 6HClaq. = 2LaCl3aq. + 3H2O + 114.6 Cals.
[La2O3] + 6(HCl) = 2[LaCl3] + 3[H2O] + 160.6 Cals.
[La] + 3(Cl) = [LaCl3] + 263.0 Cals.
[LaCl3] + Aq. = LaCl3aq. + 31.3 Cals.
[La2O3] + 3[H2SO4] = [La2(SO4)3] + 3[H2O] + 138.2 Cals.
La2(SO4)3 + Aq. = La2(SO4)3aq + 34.6 Cals.

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